Экономика англоязычных стран
Choose the right term to fill in the gap: The Bank wants a financial system that offers opportunities for firms of all sizes to have access to ______ on terms that give adequate protection to investors, and which enhances the international competitive position of the City of London and other UK financial centres.
stocks
securities
credits
capital
Choose the right expression to continue the phrase: The decline in the stock market, an increase in interest rates many months earlier, high levels of pre-millennium technology investments, and rising oil prices are _____________
possible candidates for results of this post shock
possible candidates for causes of this initial shock
possible candidates for causes of this post shock
possible candidates for results of this initial shock
Choose the right expression to continue the phrase: Its exports represent more than 10 percent of_____________.
the America’s total
the world total
the industrialized countries total
the developed countries total
Choose the right answer to the question: What is a general partnership?
A general partnership is an association of two or more persons to carry on as comanagers a business for profit.
A general partnership is an association of two or more persons to carry on as co-managers a business non for profit.
A general partnership is an association of two or more persons to carry on as co-owners a business for profit.
A general partnership is an association of two or more persons to carry on as co-owners a business non for profit.
Choose the right term to fill in the gap: For those with stable incomes, this produces a pattern of payments much like that in a noncumulative system, but for those with _________ incomes, it still achieves the result that at the end of the tax year the correct amount of tax should have been deducted
capital
cumulative
unstable
volatile
Choose the right answer to the question: What are maion rates for the VAT?
The standard rate of value added tax in the UK is 20 %, a reduced rate is imposed on domestic fuel, originally 8% but now 5%. Various categories of goods are either zero-rated or exempt.
The standard rate of value added tax in the UK is 20 %, a reduced rate is imposed on domestic fuel, originally 8% but now 3%. Various categories of goods are either zero-rated or exempt.
The standard rate of value added tax in the UK is 17.5%, a reduced rate is imposed on domestic fuel, originally 8% but now 5%. Various categories of goods are either zero-rated or exempt.
The standard rate of value added tax in the UK is 17.5%, a reduced rate is imposed on domestic fuel, originally 8% but now 3%. Various categories of goods are either zero-rated or exempt.
Choose the right answer to the question: What income is subject to income tax?
The main kinds of income that are subject to income tax are earnings from employment and self-employment, unemployment benefit, pension payments during retirement, profits from business, income from property, bank and building society interest and dividends on shares.
The main kinds of income that are subject to income tax are earnings from employment and self-employment, unemployment benefit, pension payments during retirement, profits from business, income from property, bank and building society interest and national insurance benefits.
The main kinds of income that are subject to income tax are earnings from employment and self-employment, debt payments, pension payments during retirement, profits from business, income from property, bank and building society interest and dividends on shares.
The main kinds of income that are subject to income tax are earnings from employment and self-employment, debt payments, pension payments during retirement, profits from business, income from property, bank and building society interest and national insurance benefits.
Choose the right answer to the question: What is a progressive taxation?
A tax system is called progressive if those with higher incomes pay a smaller proportion of their income in taxes
A tax system is called progressive if those with higher incomes pay a higher proportion of their income in taxes
A tax system is called progressive if those with higher incomes pay a higher proportion of their capital spending in taxes
A tax system is called progressive if the only one tax rate is established for different ammounts of income
Choose the right answer to the question: Who can conduct the trade policy in the US?
Decisions about trade policy must be made by the US Senate, and not by the US President. Some powers are delegated to the US Trade Representative’s Office.
Decisions about trade policy must be made by the House of Representatives, and not by the US President. Some powers are delegated to the US Trade Representative’s Office.
Decisions about trade policy must be made by the US Senate and House of Representatives, and not by the US President. Some powers are delegated to the US Trade Representative’s Office.
Decisions about trade policy must be made by the US President, and not by the US Senate and House of Representatives. Some powers are delegated to the US Trade Representative’s Office.
Choose the right answer to the question: What is the agricultural policy of the UK?
The policy's aims have been to improve agricultural productivity in order to ensure stable agricultural markets while simultaneously affording producers a fair standard of living and guaranteeing consumers regular food supplies at reasonable prices.
The policy's aims have been to improve agricultural productivity in order to ensure stable agricultural markets while simultaneously affording producers a fair competition and guaranteeing consumers regular food supplies at low prices.
The policy's aims have been to improve agricultural productivity in order to ensure stable agricultural markets while simultaneously affording producers a fair competition and guaranteeing consumers regular food supplies at reasonable prices.
The policy's aims have been to improve agricultural productivity in order to ensure stable agricultural markets while simultaneously affording producers a fair standard of living and guaranteeing consumers regular food supplies at low prices.
Choose the right term to fill in the gap: A ___________ is typically a business owned and operated by one individual, or very often by a husband and wife.
sole proprietorship
partnership
private limited company
public corporation
Choose the right term to fill in the gap: The Bank of England also controls the____________, which influences the general structure of interest rates
Basic Lending Rate
Minimum Lending Rate
Average Lending Rate
Maximum Lending Rate
Choose the right expression to continue the phrase: The Fed is structured to be self-sufficient in the sense that it meets its operating expenses primarily ___________
from the interest earnings on its bank deposits
from the interest earnings on its portfolio of securities
from the interest earnings on its loans
from the interest earnings on its reserve trading
Choose the right answer to the question: What does the change in the reserves influence on?
A change in the reserves market will trigger a chain of events that affect other short-term interest rates, foreign exchange rates, long-term interest rates, the amount of money and credit in the economy, and levels of employment, output, and prices
A change in the reserves market will trigger a chain of events that affect other long-term interest rates, foreign exchange rates, the amount of money and credit in the economy, and levels of employment, output, and prices
A change in the reserves market will trigger a chain of events that affect other short-term interest rates, money value, long-term interest rates, the amount of money and credit in the economy, and levels of employment, output, and prices
A change in the reserves market will trigger a chain of events that affect other short-term interest rates, foreign exchange rates, long-term interest rates, the amount of money and credit in the economy, and levels of employment, output, and taxes
Choose the right expression to continue the phrase: The Federal Reserve acts as the ________________
creditor for the U.S. government
debitor for the U.S. government
banker for the U.S. government
lender for the U.S. government
Choose the right expression to continue the phrase: Unlike a traditional sales tax, which is imposed at the point of sale, a VAT is imposed on goods and services _____
at each stage of the selling process
at each stage of the distribution process
at each stage of the consumption process
at each stage of the production process
Choose the right answer to the question: What is the Bank of England’s monetary policy objectives?
The Bank's monetary policy objective is to deliver price rise and, without prejudice to that objective, to support the Government's economic policy, including its objectives for growth and self-employment
The Bank's monetary policy objective is to deliver price stability and, without prejudice to that objective, to support the Government's economic policy, including its objectives for growth and employment
The Bank's monetary policy objective is to deliver price rise and, without prejudice to that objective, to support the Government's economic policy, including its objectives for growth and employment
The Bank's monetary policy objective is to deliver low prices and, without prejudice to that objective, to support the Government's economic policy, including its objectives for growth and unemployment
Choose the right answer to the question: What is the role of the state in the US economy?
The U-S. government plays only a small direct part in economic activity, being largely restricted to such agencies as the U.S. Postal Service, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and the Tennessee Valley Authority. Enterprises that are often in public hands in other countries, such as airlines and telephone systems, are run privately in the United States.
The U-S. government plays a big direct part in economic activity, acting largely through such agencies as the U.S. Postal Service, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and the Tennessee Valley Authority. Enterprises that are often in private hands in other countries, such as airlines and telephone systems, are run publicly in the United States.
The U-S. government plays a big direct part in economic activity, acting largely through such agencies as the U.S. Postal Service, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and the Tennessee Valley Authority. Enterprises that are often in public hands in other countries, such as airlines and telephone systems, are run privately in the United States.
The U-S. government plays only a small direct part in economic activity, being largely restricted to such agencies as the U.S. Postal Service, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and the Tennessee Valley Authority. Enterprises that are often in private hands in other countries, such as airlines and telephone systems, are run publicly in the United States.
Choose the right expression to continue the phrase: The day-to-day management of a corporation is usually done through a board of directors and officers ________
who are usually elected by the corporation's stockholders
who are usually elected by the corporation's board
who are usually elected by the corporation's top management
who are usually elected by the corporation's administrative council
Choose the right term to fill in the gap: A subchapter S corporation allows a smaller business to have flow-through taxation as if it were ____________
a partnership
a nonprofit corporation
a sole proprietorship
a limited liability company
Choose the right term to fill in the gap: Over 27 million individuals pay ________ in the UK
council tax
income tax
corpporation tax
capital tax
Choose the right expression to continue the phrase: The second, M2, includes M1 plus balances that generally are similar to transaction accounts and that, for the most part,_______________________________.
can be converted fairly readily to M1 with the loss of principal
can be converted fairly readily to M1 with little or no loss of principal
can not be converted fairly readily to M1 with little or no loss of principal
can not be converted fairly readily to M1 with the loss of principal
Choose the right term to fill in the gap: _______________ are duties charged on goods at the time of importation into the United Kingdom.
customs quotas
agricultural quotas
industrial tariffs
customs tariffs
Choose the right answer to the question: Which organ has the powers to conduct the UK’s trade policy?
The Department of Trade and Industry has overall responsibility for international trade policy.
The British Trade International has overall responsibility for international trade policy.
The Bank of England has overall responsibility for international trade policy.
The Foreign and Commonwealth Office has overall responsibility for international trade policy.
Choose the right answer to the question: What is a professional corporation?
A professional corporation is a business organization which allows "professionals" to practice in an association of individuals which offers many of the benefits of a limited partnership. A professional corporation must be organized for the sole purpose of rendering professional services and may only be formed by the eligible professionals.
A professional corporation is a business organization which allows "professionals" to practice in an association of individuals which offers many of the benefits of a for profit corporation. A professional corporation must be organized for the sole purpose of rendering professional services and may only be formed by the eligible professionals.
A professional corporation is a business organization which allows "professionals" to practice in an association of sole proprietors which offers many of the benefits of a for profit corporation. A professional corporation must be organized for the sole purpose of rendering professional services and may only be formed by the eligible professionals.
A professional corporation is a business organization which allows "professionals" to practice in an association of individuals which offers many of the benefits of a nonprofit corporation. A professional corporation must be organized for the sole purpose of rendering professional services and may only be formed by the eligible professionals.
Choose the right expression to continue the phrase: Taxpayers under 65 years old receive a personal allowance of £4,535, while older people are entitled to higher ________________
national insurance contributions
tax credits
personal allowances
tax bands
Choose the right answer to the question: What is a limited liability company?
A limited liability company is an unincorporated association having one or more members. Similar to a sole proprietorship, owners of a limited liability company are generally not liable for the obligations of the business. Like a partnership, income and losses of the company flow through the company to the partners avoiding double taxation.
A limited liability company is an unincorporated association having one or more members. Similar to a partnership, owners of a limited liability company are generally not liable for the obligations of the business. Like a partnership, income and losses of the company flow through the company to the partners avoiding double taxation.
A limited liability company is an unincorporated partnership having one or more members. Similar to a corporation, owners of a limited liability company are generally liable for the obligations of the business. Like a partnership, income and losses of the company flow through the company to the partners avoiding double taxation.
A limited liability company is an unincorporated association having one or more members. Similar to a corporation, owners of a limited liability company are generally not liable for the obligations of the business. Like a partnership, income and losses of the company flow through the company to the partners avoiding double taxation.
Choose the right term to fill in the gap: While the corporation cannot protect a professional against their own negligence, it does protect them against the negligence of ______________.
a partner
an associate
a manager
a shareholder
Choose the right term to fill in the gap: All depository institutions-commercial banks, saving banks, savings and loan associations, and credit unions-must retain a percentage of certain types of deposits to be held as________________.
reserves
equity
loans
credits
Choose the right answer to the question: What are the purposes of the IMF?
The IMF was designed to help nations that might suffer from balance of payments problems
The IMF was designed to help nations that might suffer from balance of trade problems
The IMF was designed to help nations that might suffer from balance of invisibles problems
The IMF was designed to help nations that might suffer from balance of current transactions problems
Choose the right term to fill in the gap: In pursuing its goal of maintaining a stable and efficient monetary and financial framework as its contribution to a healthy economy, the Bank has ______ core purposes; achieving them depends on the work of the Bank as whole.
Two
Three
Four
Five
Choose the right answer to the question: How much of the world’s output of coal, copper and crude petroleum do the US produce?
The United States produces nearly half of the world’s output of coal, copper, and crude petroleum
The United States produces nearly one-fifth of the world’s output of coal, copper, and crude petroleum
The United States produces nearly one-eighth of the world’s output of coal, copper, and crude petroleum
The United States produces nearly one-third of the world’s output of coal, copper, and crude petroleum
Choose the right term to fill in the gap: In addition to salaries, interest and earnings on ___________ are taxed under the current system
investments
mortgage
credits
loans
Choose the right answer to the question: What is a partnership?
A partnership is formed when two or more individuals enter into legal agreement to share in some specified manner the rights to recieve profit from a business enterprise.
A partnership is formed when two or more individuals enter into legal agreement to share in some specified manner the duties of ownership in a business enterprise.
A partnership is formed when two or more individuals enter into legal agreement to share in some specified manner the rights of creating a business enterprise.
A partnership is formed when two or more individuals enter into legal agreement to share in some specified manner the rights of ownership in a business enterprise.
Choose the right answer to the question: What are Class 3 national insurance contributions?
Class 3 National Insurance contributions are voluntary and are usually made by foreign citizens living in the UK in order to maintain their entitlement to benefits when they return.
Class 3 National Insurance contributions are obligatory and are usually made by foreign citizens living in the UK in order to maintain their entitlement to benefits when they return.
Class 3 National Insurance contributions are voluntary and are usually made by UK citizens living abroad in order to maintain their entitlement to benefits when they return.
Class 3 National Insurance contributions are obligatory and are usually made by UK citizens living abroad in order to maintain their entitlement to benefits when they return.
Choose the right expression to continue the phrase: The interest rate at which the Bank supplies these funds is quickly passed throughout the financial system, influencing interest rates for the ______________
whole banking system
whole economy
whole export
whole trade
Choose the right answer to the question: How is the UK ranked in the world export-import?
The UK is the world’s fourth largest exporter of goods (£ 188 billion in 2000) and first largest exporter of services (£ 78 billion in 2000).
The UK is the world’s fourth largest exporter of sevices (£ 188 billion in 2000) and first largest exporter of goods (£ 78 billion in 2000).
The UK is the world’s fifth largest exporter of services (£ 188 billion in 2000) and second largest exporter of goods (£ 78 billion in 2000).
The UK is the world’s fifth largest exporter of goods (£ 188 billion in 2000) and second largest exporter of services (£ 78 billion in 2000).
Choose the right expression to continue the phrase: The basic difference between an income tax and a consumption tax is that a consumption tax only _________
taxes money when it is earned
taxes money when it is spared
taxes money when it is recieved
taxes money when it is spent
Choose the right term to fill in the gap: The _____________ is an official estimate of the market rent for the property.
customs value
rateable value
market value
money value
Choose the right expression to continue the phrase: The synchronicity of the global business cycle is the most salient example of ____________
what can be good in a globalized world
what can go wrong in a globalized world
what can go wrong in a restricted world
what can be good in a restricted world
Choose the right answer to the question: When does the Bank of England acts as a lender of the last resort?
Where a threat to the stability of the financial system is perceived to be present; the Bank may intervene to stand between an intermediary and the market place in order to facilitate payments and borrowings, which might otherwise not be completed, in extreme cases, emergency decrease of interest rates by the Bank might be provided, the so-called 'lender of last resort' (LOLR) function, but this is only done where the failure of one institution could bring down other, otherwise viable, institutions.
Where a threat to the stability of the financial system is perceived to be present; the Bank may intervene to stand between an intermediary and the market place in order to facilitate payments and settlements, which might otherwise not be completed, in extreme cases, emergency financial support by the Bank might be provided, the so-called 'lender of last resort' (LOLR) function, but this is only done where the failure of one institution could bring down other, otherwise viable, institutions.
Where a threat to the stability of the financial system is perceived to be present; the Bank may intervene to stand between an intermediary and the market place in order to facilitate payments and settlements, which might otherwise not be completed, in extreme cases, emergency decrease of interest rates by the Bank might be provided, the so-called 'lender of last resort' (LOLR) function, but this is only done where the failure of one institution could bring down other, otherwise viable, institutions.
Where a threat to the stability of the financial system is perceived to be present; the Bank may intervene to stand between an intermediary and the market place in order to facilitate payments and borrowings, which might otherwise not be completed, in extreme cases, emergency financial support by the Bank might be provided, the so-called 'lender of last resort' (LOLR) function, but this is only done where the failure of one institution could bring down other, otherwise viable, institutions.
Choose the right term to fill in the gap: Nearly all of the federal government's revenues come from__________.
interest rates
customs duties
import tariffs
taxes
Choose the right answer to the question: What is a limited liability partnership?
A limited liability partnership is essentially a form of general partnership with one significant difference. In a general partnership, individual partners are liable for the partnership's debts and obligations whereas the partners in a limited liability partnership are statutorily provided full-shield protection from partnership liabilities, debts and taxes.
A limited liability partnership is essentially a form of general partnership with one significant difference. In a general partnership, individual partners are not liable for the partnership's debts and obligations whereas the partners in a limited liability partnership are not statutorily provided full-shield protection from partnership liabilities, debts and obligations.
A limited liability partnership is essentially a form of general partnership with one significant difference. In a general partnership, individual partners are liable for the partnership's debts and obligations whereas the partners in a limited liability partnership are statutorily provided full-shield protection from partnership liabilities, debts and obligations.
A limited liability partnership is essentially a form of general partnership with one significant difference. In a general partnership, individual partners are liable for the partnership's debts and obligations whereas the partners in a limited liability partnership are statutorily partly protected from partnership liabilities, debts and obligations.
Choose the right expression to continue the phrase: The Department of the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) is responsible for all tariff matters affecting the______________.
Common Agricultural Policy
General Agreement on tariffs and Trade
Common Fishery Policy
Common Customs tariffs
Choose the right term to fill in the gap: The UK also worked for the resolution of current____________, and to identify and address emerging trade tensions, reducing the need to resort to formal WTO dispute settlement procedures
trade agreements
trade regulations
trade settlements
trade disputes
Choose the right expression to continue the phrase: Considerable emphasis of governmental policy is placed on improvement in ________________ and on increased exposure of the economy to market forces
imports and exports
borrowings and spendings
productivity and competitiveness
savings and spendings
Choose the right answer to the question: Who is subject to corporation tax?
Corporation tax is charged on profits made by UK resident companies, public corporations and unincorporated associations. The profit on which corporation tax is charged is comprised of income from trading and/or investments and capital gains. If a company makes a trading loss, then the loss can be carried back for one year to be set against profits in that period or it may be earned forward indefinitely. The standard rate of corporation tax is currently 40%, and there is a reduced rate of 20% for companies with profits of less than £300,000.
Corporation tax is charged on profits made by UK resident companies, public corporations and partnerships. The profit on which corporation tax is charged is comprised of income from trading and/or investments and capital gains. If a company makes a trading loss, then the loss can be carried back for one year to be set against profits in that period or it may be earned forward indefinitely. The standard rate of corporation tax is currently 30%, and there is a reduced rate of 20% for companies with profits of less than £300,000.
Corporation tax is charged on profits made by UK resident companies, public corporations and unincorporated associations. The profit on which corporation tax is charged is comprised of income from trading and/or investments and capital gains. If a company makes a trading loss, then the loss can be carried back for one year to be set against profits in that period or it may be earned forward indefinitely. The standard rate of corporation tax is currently 30%, and there is a reduced rate of 20% for companies with profits of less than £300,000.
Corporation tax is charged on profits made by UK resident companies, public corporations and partnerships. The profit on which corporation tax is charged is comprised of income from trading and/or investments and capital gains. If a company makes a trading loss, then the loss can be carried back for one year to be set against profits in that period or it may be earned forward indefinitely. The standard rate of corporation tax is currently 40%, and there is a reduced rate of 20% for companies with profits of less than £300,000.
Choose the right expression to continue the phrase: The major area of government regulation of economic activity is through _______________
fiscal and economic policy
foreign and monetary policy
fiscal and monetary policy
trade and monetary policy
Choose the right expression to continue the phrase: To sum up, the most important capital flow effect of a proactive Fed could be _______________
to hasten the recovery of the US economy, and that could be positive for M&A and equity inflows into the US
to slow the recovery of the US economy, and that could be positive for M&A and equity outflows from the US
to slow the recovery of the US economy, and that could be positive for M&A and equity inflows into the US
to hasten the recovery of the US economy, and that could be positive for M&A and equity outflows from the US
Choose the right answer to the question: What is the rank of the UK economy in the international economy?
The United Kingdom now ranks among the top developing countries in growth rates, productivity, and competitiveness.
The United Kingdom now ranks among the top agricultural countries in growth rates, productivity, and competitiveness.
The United Kingdom now ranks among the top capitalist countries in growth rates, productivity, and competitiveness.
The United Kingdom now ranks among the top industrial countries in growth rates, productivity, and competitiveness.